Summary
In matrix treatments, placement of the injected fluids is essential for
success. Over the years, several diversion and placement techniques have been
applied to obtain a desired fluid distribution. Real-time evaluation of a
treatment was limited to observing injection pressures or bottomhole pressures.
These measured pressures provided information on the diversion process. The
application of distributed-temperature sensing (DTS) during matrix treatments
to monitor the temperature profiles along the wellbore in real time is a recent
method to obtain a qualitative indication of the fluid distribution. In this
paper, we discuss if DTS can also be used to quantify the fluid distribution
during a matrix treatment.
For the real-time quantification of the fluid distribution during a matrix
treatment from temperature surveys, both real-time readouts of the temperature
surveys and an accurate real-time model are needed. With DTS, the real-time
readout is a feasible technique developed to present and evaluate the
temperature surveys in real time. Further, a coupled wellbore and near-wellbore
thermal model is available that runs in real time. This paper describes these
techniques, models, and validations using several case histories.
In addition, an analysis of matrix treatments using DTS temperature surveys,
where available, are presented. The models are used in the analysis to obtain
calculated fluid flow distribution. We discuss how this methodology can be
applied in real time and what benefits quantification of fluid flow
distribution offers. Further, we describe what other benefits can be obtained
from real-time temperature profiles during stimulation treatments.
© 2009. Society of Petroleum Engineers
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History
- Original manuscript received:
2 March 2007
- Meeting paper published:
30 May 2007
- Revised manuscript received:
28 May 2008
- Manuscript approved:
19 June 2008
- Published online:
2 March 2009
- Version of record:
26 February 2009
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